Abstract Title
Common teal: a widespread reservoir host of avian influenza virus and other avian viruses in Northern Asia
Abstract
Birds in the orders Charadriiformes and Anseriformes are recognized as natural reservoirs of avian influenza viruses (AIVs). Common teal (Anas crecca) is one of the most abundant duck species breeding in Russia with wintering sites in Europe, Central and South Asia. Previously, we have reported co-circulation of AIVs, avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs), and avian coronaviruses (ACoVs) in wild waterfowl with a relatively high presence of AIV-ACoV co-infections (3.88%).
In this study, we collected 4111 cloacal swabs from wild waterfowl in Russia in 2022-2023 and showed that common teal has one of the highest prevalence both for AIVs and APMVs. AIV and APMV prevalence for common teal was 12.68% (98/773) and 8.80% (68/773), respectively, with the highest presence of AIV in Western Siberia and the Far East. 17 subtypes of HA and NA combinations were detected in teals, with H3N8 being the most prevalent subtype. Only one strain isolated from teal in the Sakhalin region (Far East) in 2022 was identified as a highly pathogenic H5N1 subtype virus of 2.3.4.4b clade. Additionally, to investigate in detail the gut virome of common teal we collected 16 feces samples in 2022 in Siberia (Yakutiya and Novosibirsk region) and prepared 6 pooled VLP-enriched libraries. We have detected a high diversity of bird viruses including genera: Aalivirus, Avihepatovirus (Picornaviridae); Chaphamaparvovirus (Parvoviridae); Avihepadnavirus (Hepadnaviridae); Gyrovirus (Anelloviridae); Rotavirus (Sedoreoviridae). Detected sequences have relatively low levels of identity with some known species and detailed virological characterization of detected viruses is needed to assess risks for wildlife and poultry.
In this study, we collected 4111 cloacal swabs from wild waterfowl in Russia in 2022-2023 and showed that common teal has one of the highest prevalence both for AIVs and APMVs. AIV and APMV prevalence for common teal was 12.68% (98/773) and 8.80% (68/773), respectively, with the highest presence of AIV in Western Siberia and the Far East. 17 subtypes of HA and NA combinations were detected in teals, with H3N8 being the most prevalent subtype. Only one strain isolated from teal in the Sakhalin region (Far East) in 2022 was identified as a highly pathogenic H5N1 subtype virus of 2.3.4.4b clade. Additionally, to investigate in detail the gut virome of common teal we collected 16 feces samples in 2022 in Siberia (Yakutiya and Novosibirsk region) and prepared 6 pooled VLP-enriched libraries. We have detected a high diversity of bird viruses including genera: Aalivirus, Avihepatovirus (Picornaviridae); Chaphamaparvovirus (Parvoviridae); Avihepadnavirus (Hepadnaviridae); Gyrovirus (Anelloviridae); Rotavirus (Sedoreoviridae). Detected sequences have relatively low levels of identity with some known species and detailed virological characterization of detected viruses is needed to assess risks for wildlife and poultry.
Co-Author(s)
Nikita Dubovitskiy1, Anastasiya Derko1, Arina Loginova1, Alexey Druzyaka2, Evgeny Shemyakin3, Ivan Tiunov4, Tatiana Murashkina1, Ivan Sobolev1, Alexander Shestopalov1, Kirill Sharshov1
1 - Research Institute of Virology, Federal Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
2 - Institute of Systematic and Ecology of Animals, Novosibirsk, Russia
3 - Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone RAS, Yakutsk, Russia
4 - Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Vladivostok, Russia
Abstract Category
Notable outbreaks, field and molecular epidemiology, and surveillance in wild birds